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Reference
Ghana Facts and Figures from Encarta
Basic Facts
Official name Republic of Ghana
Capital Accra
Area 238,500 sq km
92,090 sq mi
Ghana
People
Population 20,467,747 (2003 estimate)
Population growth
Population growth rate 1.45 percent (2003 estimate)
Projected population in 2025 25,364,645 (2025 estimate)
Projected population in 2050 29,845,538 (2050 estimate)
Population density 86 persons per sq km (2003 estimate)
222 persons per sq mi (2003 estimate)
Urban/rural distribution
Share urban 36 percent (2001 estimate)
Share rural 64 percent (2001 estimate)
Largest cities, with population
Accra 1,904,000 (1999 estimate)
Kumasi 399,300 (1990 estimate)
Tema 180,600 (1990 estimate)
Tamale 151,100 (1988 estimate)
Sekondi 116,500 (1990 estimate)
Ethnic Divisions
Adangbe, Akuapem, Akyem, Ashanti, Bono, Dagomba, Ewe, Fante, Ga, Gonja, Kwahu, Mamprusi, Nzima, and others
Languages
English (official), Akan, Nzima, Dagbane, Ga, Ewe, other African languages
Religious affiliations
Ethnoreligionists or indigenous beliefs 24 percent
Muslim 20 percent
Protestant 17 percent
Independent Christian 14 percent
Roman Catholic 10 percent
Other 15 percent
Health and Education
Life expectancy
Total 56.5 years (2003 estimate)
Female 57.4 years (2003 estimate)
Male 55.7 years (2003 estimate)
Infant mortality rate 53 deaths per 1,000 live births (2003 estimate)
Population per physician 16,132 people (1996)
Population per hospital bed 685 people (1990)
Literacy rate
Total 74.8 percent (2003 estimate)
Female 67.1 percent (2003 estimate)
Male 82.7 percent (2003 estimate)
Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4.2 percent (1999-2000)
Number of years of compulsory schooling 8 years (2000)
Number of students per teacher, primary school 30 students per teacher (1998-1999)
Government
Form of government Republic
Voting qualifications Universal at age 18
Constitution Approved 28 April 1992
Armed forces
Total number of military personnel 7,000 (2001)
Military expenditures as a share of gross domestic product (GDP) 0.7 percent (2001)
Economy
Gross domestic product (GDP, in U.S.$) $5.3 billion (2001)
GDP per capita (U.S.$) $270 (2001)
GDP by economic sector
Agriculture, forestry, fishing 35.9 percent (2001)
Industry 25.2 percent (2001)
Services 38.9 percent (2001)
Employment
Number of workers 9,396,652 (2001)
Workforce share of economic sector
Agriculture, forestry, fishing 62 percent (1992)
Industry 10 percent (1992)
Services 28 percent (1992)
Unemployment rate Not available
National budget (U.S.$)
Total revenue $1,013 million (1993)
Total expenditure $1,253 million (1993)
Monetary unit
1 new cedi (C), consisting of 100 pesewas
Major trade partners for exports
Togo, Netherlands, United States, United Kingdom, and Germany
Major trade partners for imports
Nigeria, Italy, United Kingdom, United States, and Côte d'Ivoire
Energy, Communications, and Transportation
Electricity production
Electricity from thermal sources 5.03 percent (2001 estimate)
Electricity from hydroelectric sources 94.97 percent (2001 estimate)
Electricity from nuclear sources 0 percent (2001 estimate)
Electricity from geothermal, solar, and wind sources 0 percent (2001 estimate)
Number of radios per 1,000 people 709 (1999 estimate)
Number of telephones per 1,000 people 12 (2001)
Number of televisions per 1,000 people 124 (2000 estimate)
Number of Internet hosts per 10,000 people 0.11 (2001)
Daily newspaper circulation per 1,000 people 14 (1996)
Number of motor vehicles per 1,000 people 7.7 (1997)
Paved road as a share of total roads 30 percent (1999)
Sources
Basic Facts and People sections
Area data are from the statistical bureaus of individual countries. Population, population growth rate, and population projections are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International Data Base (IDB) (www.census.gov). Urban and rural population data are from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations (UN), FAOSTAT database (www.fao.org). Largest cities population data and political divisions data are from the statistical bureaus of individual countries. Ethnic divisions and religion data are largely from the latest Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook and from various country censuses and reports. Language data are largely from the Ethnologue, Languages of the World, Summer Institute of Linguistics International (www.sil.org).
Health and Education section
Life expectancy and infant mortality data are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International database (IDB) (www.census.gov). Population per physician and population per hospital bed data are from the World Health Organization (WHO) (www.who.int). Education data are from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) database (www.unesco.org).
Government section
Government, independence, legislature, constitution, highest court, and voting qualifications data are largely from various government Web sites, the latest Europa World Yearbook, and the latest Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook. The armed forces data is from Military Balance.
Economy section
Gross domestic product (GDP), GDP per capita, GDP by economic sectors, employment, and national budget data are from the World Bank database (www.worldbank.org). Monetary unit, agriculture, mining, manufacturing, exports, imports, and major trade partner information is from the latest Europa World Yearbook and various International Monetary Fund (IMF) publications.
Energy, Communication, and Transportation section
Electricity information is from the Energy Information Administration (EIA) database (www.eia.doe.gov). Radio, telephone, television, and newspaper information is from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) database (www.unesco.org). Internet hosts, motor vehicles, and road data are from the World Bank database (www.worldbank.org).
Note
Figures may not total 100 percent due to rounding.